How to Assess Risks and Evaluate Controls

One of the primary objectives of every auditor is to assess organizational risks and evaluate the effectiveness of the controls established by management to mitigate those risks. The Institute of Internal Auditors has set forth the standards for auditors to use in accomplishing that objective Every organization is set up to accomplish its primary business objective. Whether it is a “for-profit” organization or a “not-for-profit” organization, there is always a primary business objective. And whenever there is an objective, there is always the risk that the objective will not be achieved. Management has the responsibility to assess risks and establish controls to ensure that business objectives are achieved.  Internal Audit has the responsibility to evaluate those controls to determine if they are adequate and effective. For the auditor, the process starts with the development of a risk-based annual audit plan to identify the various risk areas. The risk areas are prioritized and subject to audit based on the high-level risk assessment. Each area is further subject to a more detailed review of its particular risks and controls. There are certain Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) standards that are required in the evaluation and communication of the risk and control assessment. There are also other resources available to auditors to assist them in their evaluation of risks and controls.